diadema del tesoro Bendoya
Creemos nosotros que el circulo con punto central es el simbolo fundamental de los petroglifos gallegos. Pensamos que este hecho tuvo también importancia durante la protohistoria: tuvo que dejar un rastro. Y , en nuestra opinión, lo dejó. Al menos en el tesoro Bendoya y en la cerámica castrexa que fotografiamos en un museo de Ponte de Lima.
Dice Blanco Freijeiro que “es un hecho comprobado que la simbiosis de los patos y los círculos es anterior en Italia a la aparición de los etruscos”. Los etruscos mantienen esta tradición y nos dan versiones como una lamina de oro de la “Tomba del guerriero”, en Tarquines y un fragmento del “Circolo degli Acquastrini”.
Continua Blanco Freijeiro: “en toda el área cultural de los castros galaicoportugueses el tema de las hileras de patos, e incluso los patos aislados , aparece con rasgos de extremado arcaismo"
“dentro de la orfebrería de nuestros castros existen por lo menos otras dos piezas decoradas con patos: el fragmento de un torques encontrado en Lugo y el brazalete de Elviña"
Cita a Déchelette para decir que el significado original de los patos o cisnes, combinados con ruedas o círculos, guardaba relación con un culto solar muy extendido por la europa primitiva.
La diadema es una lámina de oro finísima ,de 17’75 gramos de peso y 0´1 mm de expesor. Mide 360 mm.
En total “las aves acuáticas de la diadema son 231; los vermes 370; los circulos con punto 105; y los circulos con tetón 94. “
“Los temas de su ornamentación son “larguísimas hileras de patos dirigidas todas hacia la izquierda; grupos mas pequeños de la misma palmípeda , patos aislados, circulos con un punto o un abultamiento en el centro; puntos sueltos y rayas de puntos pequeñísimos”
Sobre el simbolismo del pato o las aves acuáticas decir que aún hoy en el espacio de Carnota hay singulares lagunas marítimas . algo no muy normal en la costa atlántica gallega.Una está en el extremo Norte de la playa de Carnota, al pié del Monte Pindo. Otra en Monte Louro, muy cerca de Laxe das Rodas. En ellas, aún hoy, hay aves lacustres y patos.
Museo de Ponte de Lima
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En la pagina web sobre petroglifos de J.Barral he encontrado una roca en la que dos formas circulares parecen los ojos de una cara. Se llama "Pedra da Bouza"y está en Tiñán (Boiro). La fotografía es de Costas Goberna e Hidalgo.
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.....................................................................................Jeff Saward y los laberintos gallegos
“However, there are labyrinth petroglyphs of genuine prehistoric origin to be found in Europe, their antiquity proven by their association with other undoubtedly ancient inscriptions. The most exciting of these are surely the collection of labyrinths and labyrinthine designs carved on rock outcrops in the provinces of Pontevedra and Vigo along the coastline of Galicia in Northwest Spain.
Along with true labyrinth symbols, there are several rock art panels in this region with designs that are very labyrinthine - not perfect labyrinths, but close enough that they can be interpreted as failed attempts to construct a labyrinth, perhaps by somebody not totally familiar with the technique. Alternatively, they may represent "prototypes" in an attempt to establish the design. The association of a number of these Galician labyrinths with carvings of deer and other wild animals is also of considerable interest. Clearly the petroglyphs are hunter's art, magical symbols for the hunt.
As with all rock art, dating these inscriptions is fraught with problems. For many years the Galician labyrinths have been ascribed to the late Bronze Age or early Iron Age. However, recent re-appraisal of these Spanish petroglyphs has plausibly suggested that the rock art of Galicia dates to a much earlier time period. The discovery of rock art panels overlaid by other dateable features provided valuable clues and the analysis of depictions of objects, distinctive types of tools and weapons that appear among the complex mixture of symbols on these stones, also allows comparison to be made with similar objects found in securely datable burial deposits from the same region.
The outcome of this process is the realization that the rock art of Galicia belongs to the late Neolithic and the beginning of the Bronze Age, after which no further carvings were added to the stones. This dates these labyrinths to somewhere during the second half of the third millennium or the beginning of the second millennium BCE, (c.2500-1800 BCE). While further discoveries and research will certainly refine the dating of these labyrinths, this would suggest that they are the earliest examples currently known, indeed they could well be as much as a thousand years older than any labyrinth that can be confidently dated” “Labyrinths & Mazes. A guide definitive”
Jeff Saward
“However, there are labyrinth petroglyphs of genuine prehistoric origin to be found in Europe, their antiquity proven by their association with other undoubtedly ancient inscriptions. The most exciting of these are surely the collection of labyrinths and labyrinthine designs carved on rock outcrops in the provinces of Pontevedra and Vigo along the coastline of Galicia in Northwest Spain.
Along with true labyrinth symbols, there are several rock art panels in this region with designs that are very labyrinthine - not perfect labyrinths, but close enough that they can be interpreted as failed attempts to construct a labyrinth, perhaps by somebody not totally familiar with the technique. Alternatively, they may represent "prototypes" in an attempt to establish the design. The association of a number of these Galician labyrinths with carvings of deer and other wild animals is also of considerable interest. Clearly the petroglyphs are hunter's art, magical symbols for the hunt.
As with all rock art, dating these inscriptions is fraught with problems. For many years the Galician labyrinths have been ascribed to the late Bronze Age or early Iron Age. However, recent re-appraisal of these Spanish petroglyphs has plausibly suggested that the rock art of Galicia dates to a much earlier time period. The discovery of rock art panels overlaid by other dateable features provided valuable clues and the analysis of depictions of objects, distinctive types of tools and weapons that appear among the complex mixture of symbols on these stones, also allows comparison to be made with similar objects found in securely datable burial deposits from the same region.
The outcome of this process is the realization that the rock art of Galicia belongs to the late Neolithic and the beginning of the Bronze Age, after which no further carvings were added to the stones. This dates these labyrinths to somewhere during the second half of the third millennium or the beginning of the second millennium BCE, (c.2500-1800 BCE). While further discoveries and research will certainly refine the dating of these labyrinths, this would suggest that they are the earliest examples currently known, indeed they could well be as much as a thousand years older than any labyrinth that can be confidently dated” “Labyrinths & Mazes. A guide definitive”
Jeff Saward
2 comentarios:
A los que vivimos en la playa de Patos, en Nigrán (Pontevedra), las referencias que haces al simbolismo de estas aves nos parecen apasionantes; quien sabe si, sin saberlo, nos trasladamos aquí impulsados por la misma necesidad de rendirle culto al sol que tenían nuestros ancestros. Sería muy interesante que nos hablaras en alguno de tus artículos sobre el orígen de la toponimia en estos lugares. Y que nos contaras si existe algún rastro de valor en el cercano a la playa Monteferro.Saludos.
querido amigo ojovo:
en Monteferro hay un petroglifo con coviñas de espectacular tamaño.Hay otros muchos grabados en nigrán y gondomar, pero este es especialmente interesante (ver:http://petroglifos.galeon.com/).Por desgracia en galicia los petroglifos siguen siendo patrimonio exclusivo de los especialistas.Es muy importante considerar el espacio donde los petroglifos se producen.Fueron sin duda espacios sagrados, santuarios al aire libre.
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